In 1968 many years known as the birth of reggae music. Actually there is no specific incident that became a marker early origins, except for transitional society musical tastes and Rocsteady Jamaica from Ska, which was popular among the young in the first half until the late 1960's, the new music rhythm slower tempo: reggae. It may be frenetic and fast tempo Ska and Rocksteady less hit by the social and economic conditions in Jamaica that is full of pressure.The word "reggae" probably derived from the pronunciation in the African accent of the word "Ragged" (clumsy motion-like pounding the body in people who danced to the accompaniment of music ska or reggae). The rhythm of reggae music itself element influenced R & B music that was born in New Orleans, Soul, Rock, rhythmic Afro-Caribean (Calypso, Merengue, Rhumba) and Jamaican folk music Mento called, which is rich with African rhythms. The rhythm of music that many considered to be a precursor to reggae are the Ska and Rocksteady, a musical interpretation of R & B that developed in Jamaica is loaded with the influence of Afro-American music. Technically and musically done much exploration Ska musicians, among them how to shake the guitar upside down (up-strokes), putting pressure weak tone on tone (syncopated) and multi-rhythmic drum beats are complex.Engineering and Rocsteady Ska musicians in playing a musical instrument, much imitated by reggae musician. But his music is much slower tempo with a thud of bass and rhythm guitar is more prominent. Vocal character is usually heavy with songs like pepujian pattern (chant), which also influenced tetabuhan rhythm, singing and mystical ways of Rastafari. A slower tempo music, in time to support the delivery of messages through the lyrics of songs related to the Rastafari religious traditions and socio-political issues humanistic and universal.The album "Catch A Fire" (1972) who launched Bob Marley and The Wailers with a quick toss to the outside of Jamaican reggae. The popularity of reggae in the United States supported also by the film The Harder They Come (1973) and reggae rhythms played by white musicians like Eric Clapton, Paul Simon, Lee 'Scratch' Perry and UB40. Reggae rhythm was later affecting streams music in the decade after that, call it a variant of reggae hip hop, reggae rock, blues, and so forth.Jamaica
Musical roots reggae is closely related to soil birth: Jamaica. When discovered by Columbus in the 15th century, Jamaica is an island inhabited by Arawak Indians. The name itself comes from the Jamaican Arawak vocabulary "xaymaca" which means "island of forests and water". Spanish and British colonialism in the 16th century destroyed Arawak tribe, who later replaced by thousands of black bondsman from mainland Africa. The slaves were employed in the sugar industry and plantations are scattered there. Dark history of oppression among humans began and lasted until more than two centuries. New in 1838 removed the practice of slavery, which is followed by melesunya world sugar trade.In the midst of heavy work and the threat of oppression, the African slaves to maintain attachment to their homeland with the maintain the tradition. They recounts life in Africa with the singing (chant) and sounds (drumming) is simple. Interaction with the employers who came from Europe also membekaskan cross-cultural product that eventually became the authentic folk traditions of Jamaica. When the black community in America or Europe with their African identity faded quickly, otherwise the black communities of Jamaica still feel the closeness with ancestral lands.History of identity awareness movement of blacks, who then bertemali closely with the presence of reggae music, start sowing at the beginning of the 20th century. Marcus Mosiah Garvey is, a priest and Jamaican black activist, who threw the idea of "Africa for the African Nations ..." and called for the movement of repatriation (repatriation) black community outside of Africa. In 1914, Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), socio-religious movement which was considered as a new identity consciousness movement for blacks.In 1916-1922, Garvey left Jamaica to build the UNIA headquarters in Harlem, New York. It is said that until the year 1922, the UNIA had more than 7 million people are followers. Between the years 1928-1930 Garvey returned to Jamaica, and engage in political struggle of the black and in 1929 predicted the coming of a king Garvey Africa marking the liberation of blacks from the oppression of Babylon (the term for the white colonial government, referring to the scriptural story about Babylon that oppresses the people of Israel). When Ras Tafari Makonnen was crowned king of Ethiopia in 1930, who holds HIM Haile Selassie I, the followers of the teachings of Garvey regarded as a figure of Ras Tafari's liberator. They also consider Ethiopia as a peaceful land of Zion-like paradise-for blacks inside and outside Africa. Subjects Garvey was morphing into the new religion called Rastafari with Haile Selassie as a god-figure in hisIn April 1966, because of the threat of social conflict involving the Rasta, Jamaica's government to invite HIM Haile Selassie I to visit encounter received by Rastafari. He delivered the message to provide land in southern Ethiopia for repatriation Rasta. But Haile Selassie Rasta also stressed the need to free Jamaica from oppression and injustice and make Rastafari as a way of life, before their exodus to Ethiopia.The years that followed the credo of the movement continued to spread widely, the "reunification of humanity is his message, the music was the modus operandi, peace on earth as in heaven (Zion) is the goal, fight for rights is the way and eliminate all forms of physical and mental oppression is the essence struggle. "When Bob Marley became a follower of Rastafari in 1967 and a year later followed the birth of reggae, the modus operandi of spreading the teachings of Rastafari was found: reggae!Bob Marley, The Rasta Prophet
Born Robert Nesta Marley in February 1945 in St. Ann, Jamaica, Bob Marley fathered by a white and black mothers. In the 1950s Bob and his family moved to the capital city of Jamaica, Kingston. In the city where his obsession with music as a profession to find an outlet. It was Bob Marley a lot of listening to music R & B and soul, which later became the inspiration of reggae rhythms, through American radio broadcasts. Also on the streets of Kingston he was enjoying the beat of ska rhythms and Steadybeat and then trying to play himself in a small music studios in Kingston.Together with Peter McIntosh and Bunny Livingston, Bob formed the Wailing Wailers who issued their debut album in 1963 with the hit "Simmer Down". Lyrics of their songs tells a lot about "rude bwai" (rude boy), young children who search for identity with a street gang in Kingston. The Wailing Wailers broke up in the mid-1960s and had time to make charcoal fracture initiators until decided to travel in America. In April 1966 Bob returned to Jamaica, to coincide with the visit of HIM Haile Selassie I, king of Ethiopia, to Jamaica to meet followers of Rastafari. Charisma of the king to bring Bob to be received by the teachings of Rastafari in 1967, and with The Wailer, his new band which was formed a year later with her two older personnel Mc Intosh and Livingston, he voiced moral values Rasta through reggae. Rastafari adherents then consider Bob prophetic role as the prophet, spreading the inspiration and values through the songs Rasta.The Wailers broke up in 1971, but Bob quickly formed a new band called Bob Marley and The Wailers. Year 1972 album Catch A Fire was released. Following the Burning (1973-contains the hits "Get Up, Stand Up" and "I Shot the Sheriff" that was popularized Eric Clapton), Natty Dread (1975), Rastaman Vibration (1976) and Uprising (1981) which increasingly establish reggae as a musical mainstream with Bob Marley as its icon.In 1978, Bob Marley received the UN Peace Medal in recognition of his efforts to promote peace through his songs. Unfortunately, cancer ended his life on May 11, 1981 at the age of 36 years in a hospital bed Miami, United States, after an international concert in Germany. The Prophet of the Rasta has passed away, but still floated humanistiknya inspiration throughout the ages.One Love! One Heart!Lets get together and feel all right.Hear the children Cryin (One Love!);Hear the children Cryin (One Heart!)(One Love / People Get Ready)DreadlockIn addition to Bob Marley and Jamaica, dreadlocks or commonly known as "dreadlocks" to points of interest in the phenomenon of reggae. Currently dreadlock always identified with reggae music, so that the misguided people think that the musicians who gave birth to reggae style cross-convolution hair (locks) it. Yet long before the style, has dreads down a long history.That said, dreads has been known since 2500 BC. The figure of Tutankhamen, one of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, depicted maintain dreads. Similarly, Lord Shiva in Hinduism. Culturally, since hundreds of years ago, many native tribes in Africa, Australia and New Guinea, known as gimbalnya hair. In the area of Dieng, Wonosobo until now remained customary maintain dreads the toddler as an expression of traditional spirituality.Letting the hair grow lengthwise without treatment, so that eventually each other to form dreadlocks twisted, indeed has become part practice spirituality movements in Western and Eastern cultures. The Nazarit in the West, and the followers of Yogi, Gyani and Tapasvi of all sects in India, have dreads that are intended as a denial on the physical appearance of mortals, be part of the spiritual path they are following. In addition there is the belief that dreads help increase endurance, mental strength, spiritual and supernatural. Confidence belief that the dramatic rise of mental energy and spiritual man out through the crown and hair, so when the hair is locked winding then that energy will be captured in the body.As the start of the industrial in the 19th century, starting dreads hard to be found in the West. Until in 1914 when Marcus Garvey introduced the religious movement and awareness of black identity through the UNIA, aspects of spirituality in the Hindu dreads and the African tribal adopted by the followers of this movement. They call themselves as the "Dread" to declare that they have a sense of trepidation and respect (Dread) to God. Dreads the Dread iniah who coined the term dreadlocks, the hairstyle of Dread. As a religious Rastafarianisme dikukuhi this group in the 1930's, dreadlocks are also transformed into a symbol of social Rasta (follower of the teachings of Rastafari).Symbolization is condensed noticeable when the 1930s Jamaica had social and political turmoil. Rasta group were dissatisfied with social conditions and the existing government, then formed their own communities who live in tents set up among the shrubs. They have the values and distinctive religious practices, including maintaining dreads. Dreadlocks they also practiced as a differentiator from the "baldhead" (a term for white people with blond hair), which they classify as the Babylon-term for the ruling oppressors. Mid-1960s the camp was closed and their Rasta group moved to the Kingston area, such as in the city of Trench Town and Greenwich, the place where reggae music was born in 1968.When the reggae music into the mainstream music world in the late 1970s, no doubt the figure of Bob Marley and hair His dreadlocks become the new icon revered. Dreadlock with soon become a new trend in hair styling and tend to be separated from spiritual values. Especially when in the 1990s, coloring dreadlocks the appearance of the rock musicians and be part of the fashion world. Dreadlock which usually takes about five years to form, since that time can be made by hair salons in just five hours! Assorted dreadlock style was offered, including hair different colors and "Dread perms" aka permanent dreadlock style.Although likely more synonymous with fashion, dreadlock fundamentally remains a form according to the spirit of anti-violence, anti-establishment and solidarity for oppressed minorities.
